ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Describir la variedad de la alimentación en hogares con niños menores de cinco años por nivel de inseguridad alimentaria. Material y métodos. Se analizó información de la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso y Gasto en los Hogares (ENIGH) 2008, utilizando la Escala Mexicana para la Seguridad Alimentaria (EMSA) y se construyeron variables de gasto per cápita, frecuencia de compra y cantidad comprada de 12 grupos de alimentos, asociándolas con la inseguridad alimentaria (IA). Resultados. La prevalencia de hogares clasificados en inseguridad alimentaria fue de 48%. Existe una relación entre una menor variedad de alimentos y mayor IA, y un posible efecto de sustitución de fuentes de proteínas en los hogares en IA. Conclusión. Cuanto mayor IA, menor es la variedad de alimentos.
Objective. To describe the variety of feeding in households with children under five years by level of food insecurity. Materials and methods. We analyzed data from the database of the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2008, using the Mexican Scale for Food Security and constructed variables for "per capita expenditure", "purchase frequency" and "quantity purchased" for 12 food groups, associating them with food insecurity (FI). Results. The prevalence of households classified with food insecurity was 48%. We found a relationship between lower food variety and greater food insecurity, with a possible "substitution effect" of protein sources among households with FI. Conclusion. As food insecurity severity increased, the variety of the diet decreased.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Diet Surveys , Food Supply/statistics & numerical data , Food/classification , Food/economics , Income , Dietary Proteins/supply & distribution , Feeding Behavior , Food Supply/economics , MexicoABSTRACT
Socio-economic changes are taking place all over the world, especially in developing countries, and these influence all aspects of life an all age periods. Resultant disparities have brought about alarming and increasing manifestations of malnutrition and non-communicable disease. Illiteracy, poor health facilities have damaging effects on children. Raising the literacy of girls and adolescents will reduce the leading cause of malnutrition in children, since these future, better educated mothers will be responsible for the children's welfare: child care status with mother care. Protein calorie sufficiency is only present in approximately 60% of the rural population of India: the remainder has differing degrees of malnutrition. When they move into better socio-economic status people are at increased risk from coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus, for which several theoretical explanations have been proposed. There is a difference in the patterns of these diseases in urban and rural populations, the exact basis for which is not yet clear. For example, in the 25-64 years age group, coronary heart disease prevalence in Delhi is 97/1,000 while in a rural area it is 27/1,000, while the respective figures for hypertension are 127/1,000 and 29/1,000. The patterns in both groups have changed within 3-5 years. The geriatric age group has its own, changing features, due to increasing longevity of life, and to break up of social customs and family structure.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Diet , Dietary Proteins/supply & distribution , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Nutritional Status , Rural Health , Smoking/epidemiology , Social ChangeABSTRACT
Se estudiaron 30 recién nacidos pretérmino, sanos que fueron dividido en forma aleatoria en dos grupos de 15. El grupo de A recibió una fórmula especial y el grupo B una fórmula modificada en proteínas. Se les pesó diariamente y se obtuvieron al inicio y al final del estudio varias mediciones somatométricas y la cantidad de energía y proteínas ingeridas; además se hicieron algunas determinaciones bioquímicas en sangre. En el grupo A, se encontraron diferencias significativas en las cifras de calcio, fósforo, fosfatasa alcalina, sodio y hemoglobina; asimismo, las mediciones somatométricas fueron significativas sólo en el perímetro del brazo. Cinco niños del grupo A y dos del B fueron dados de alta antes de las tres semanas de edad posnatal. Cuatro recién nacidos del grupo A y uno del B mostraron un incremento de peso similar al que ocurre durante el desarrollo uterino. Los hallazgos sugieren que la fórmula especial permite un crecimiento adecuado y mantiene a los niños metabolicamente más estables